Measurement method for objective cyclist behavior parameters

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this research is to study the feasibility of measuring behavioral indicators that reflect effects of infrastructure and interaction with other road users.

Methods: An observation study was performed using 6 cameras above a separated cycle path next to a road which included a crossing with both cyclists and cars. A learning method based on Single Shot MultiBox Detector was applied to automatically detect the cyclists, and cyclist tracks were determined. Next, kinematic parameters were calculated from the cyclists’ tracks. Amongst others, the cyclists’ intensity, speed, position on the cycle path, and the distance to each other were analyzed for a busy period as well as for a quiet period of the day.

Results: With the measurement method developed in this study it is possible to analyze the cyclists’ intensity, the space they use at the cycle path, their average velocity, waiting times, the space and velocity amongst each other, and red light negation. However, collisions were not seen in the dataset analyzed, and the data is not sufficiently accurate to analyze sudden braking actions.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that the developed measurement method provides insight of the cyclists’ behavior in such a way that it can already be used for obtaining information to make changes to the infrastructure that will improve the comfort and safety of cyclists. The method could be further developed for doing qualitative comfort and safety analyses, and for doing analyses of the interaction between various types of road participants.     

改进铁路餐饮服务经营安全监督管理的思考

阐述铁路餐饮服务监督管理工作中食用油及食品添加剂管理、旅游列车供餐及沿线伙食团管理、快餐配送及网络订餐、相关监督工作文书使用等,根据国家相关规定,结合铁路管理现状和工作实践提出了应对和解决建议。     

利用瓦斯抽采穿层钻孔预测煤层小断层工程实践

小构造附近是瓦斯灾害容易发生的危险地带,探明煤层小构造对煤矿的安全生产至关重要。基于古汉山矿二1煤层瓦斯抽采工程特点,分析利用瓦斯抽采穿层钻孔进行地质构造探测的可行性,根据试验工作面、底抽巷、瓦斯抽采穿层钻孔空间关系,建立煤层小构造预测数学模型及预测方法。结合试验工作面瓦斯抽采穿层钻孔现场施工数据特点,分析钻孔误差及校正方法,绘制煤层底板三维曲面图、煤层底板等高线图、煤层底板趋势面残差图及煤层厚度等值线图。根据煤层底板预测图件,对小构造分布做出了综合判断:在工作面走向通尺360～390 m、倾向上距离运输巷35 m处,可能存在落差1. 5 m、走向N45°W、延伸长度20 m左右的小断层。现场实际揭露地质情况与理论预测结果基本吻合,工作面推进与小构造距离小于20 m时,瓦斯突出危险程度明显增大。     

水环境中微囊藻毒素分析技术进展

微囊藻毒素将成为衡量水质好坏的指标之一。水体中微囊藻毒素的检测是了解水体污染和毒素控制的基础,因此微囊藻毒素的检测变得尤其重要。文章综述了目前微囊藻毒素的来源、化学结构和性质的研究成果,重点评述国内外微囊藻毒素检测方法进展。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定酸雨中的甲酸、乙酸、丙酸等

研究了反相高效液相色谱法测定甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、琥珀酸的色谱条件。在ODS柱上以 7%CH3OH 0 2 0mol LKH2 PO4(pH =2 .8)缓冲溶液作流动相 ,2 15nm紫外检测以上 4种有机酸。方法简便、快速 ,样品加标回收率在 96%～10 3 %范围内。并用该法测定了酸雨中甲酸、乙酸的含量     

农药残毒速测箱的研制和应用

近年来,因食用受农药严重污染的蔬菜水果而造成的急性中毒事故屡有发生.为了保障消费者健康,必须加强农药残留的检测.目前普遍使用的气相色谱法是一种较好的分离测试技术.但因耗费的时间长,不能及时得出结果,难以起到保护消费者健康的作用.因此,迫切需要解决快速检测的问题.文献[1],[2]报道了用化学显色试纸法测定蔬菜中六六六和DDT,但此法不能测定有机磷(OPs)和氨基甲酸酯类农药.美国1985年研制出一种称之为农药检测器(Detector)的酶片(Enzyme Ticket),用来检测水中OPs和氨基甲酸酯农药,其灵敏度在0.1—10ppm范围.在国内尚未见到有类似报道.     

雨水中NO_2~-和NO_3~-的动态涂渍离子对色谱分离测定

采用反相离子对色谱法—紫外光度检测测定NO-2 和NO-3 ,对影响分离测定的诸因素进行了研究 ,建立了测定雨水中这 2种组分的最佳色谱条件。结果表明该方法快速、灵敏、线性宽。     

水质沙门氏菌群的MUCAP试验初步研究

利用沙门氏菌分解底物形万物地征性荧光的特性，建立了水质沙门氏菌群的”酶－底物“快速检测方法。检测试剂由上医大实验室自行合成，经红外，质谱，核磁共振分析，证明其结构与国报道一致，纯度可达９９．９９％。ＭＵＣＡＰ试验的反应参数；底物最家度为３７．５μｇ／ｍｌ，反应最适ＰＨ为７．２－７．４。细菌密度和荧光强度随着培养时间增加而增加，敏感度为１０＾６只／ｍｌ，该检测法有较高特异，水中常见的１０种细菌未有明     

Prenatal diagnosis in a family with mitochondrial acetoacetyl-coenzyme a thiolase deficiency with the use of the polymerase chain reaction followed by the heteroduplex detection method

Mitochondrial acetoacetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) thiolase deficiency is an organic aciduria which affects isoleucine and ketone body catabolism. GK16 (the index patient) was affected with this disorder and previous studies had revealed that GK16 was a compound heterozygote with IVS8(+1) gt to tt and A301P mutations. In a subsequent pregnancy, prenatal diagnosis was performed and the fetus's amniocytes were analysed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by the heteroduplex detection method on a Mutation Detection Enhancement gel. The fetus was identified as a carrier of the IVS8(+1) mutation. We confirmed the diagnosis by immunoblot analysis of extracted amniocytes and gene analysis with blood filter paper after delivery. This is the first report of prenatal diagnosis of this disorder at the gene level.     

金属材料腐蚀检(监)测常用方法概述

从机械方法、无损检测方法和电化学方法3个方面简要介绍了常用的腐蚀检(监)测方法,并对各种检验方法的特点和适用范围进行了比较.在实际的生产实践中应根据具体情况,依据可靠性和适用性的原则选择合适的方法,从而达到高效、准确的检验目的.